Esophageal Reflux

The Condition


In the condition known as esophageal reflux, the partially digested food in the stomach is regurgitated (refluxed) into the esophagus. It is through the esophageal tube that the food is transported to the stomach from the mouth. Under normal circumstances, the food partially digested by stomach acid and enzymes is supposed to travel to the small intestine for further digestion.

But in this situation, instead of going to the intestine, the stomach food with acid content is refluxed back into the esophagus sometimes even reaching as far back as the respiratory tract. This inflames and damages the esophagus, lung and larynx. The medical term used for the entire process is GERD (Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease). In a few patients, it can turn into esophageal cancer.

Reflux disease or acid reflux happens when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) does not properly close after opening allowing the stomach content to be refluxed to the esophagus. Acting as a valve between the esophagus and the stomach, LES muscle is located on the lower esophagus. The undigested food often comes to the mouth when esophageal reflux occurs. Heartburn is caused by the stomach acid touching the esophagus lining. This results to a burning sensation in the chest or throat. The incidence of GERD is not as common as esophageal reflux. Prolonged occurrence may however lead to GERD.

Symptoms

Heartburn is the most common symptom of esophageal reflux. The term refers to the pain felt in the chest behind the breastbone and in the abdomen. The other symptoms are breathing and swallowing problems and cough.

Food Factor


Certain foods aggravate the symptoms of GERD. Among them are fried, spicy and fatty foods, foods like pizza and salsa which are tomato-based, chocolate, caffeinated drinks or alcohol, peppermint, onion and garlic and citrus fruits. A planned diet with enough fiber, protein and vitamin is essential to prevent esophageal reflux.

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